PRATHVI RAJ CHAUHAN Vs. UNION OF INDIA
LAWS(SC)-2020-2-26
SUPREME COURT OF INDIA
Decided on February 10,2020

Prathvi Raj Chauhan Appellant
VERSUS
UNION OF INDIA Respondents





Cited Judgements :-

AZAD SINGH VS. STATE OF HARYANA [LAWS(P&H)-2023-1-205] [REFERRED TO]
HAMIDI VS. STATE OF HARYANA [LAWS(P&H)-2021-11-157] [REFERRED TO]
AISHA VS. STATE OF HARYANA [LAWS(P&H)-2022-1-155] [REFERRED TO]
GUGULOTH SANTOSH NAIK VS. THE STATE OF TELANGANA AND ORS. [LAWS(TLNG)-2020-12-53] [REFERRED TO]
PRABHAKAR REDDY PANNALA VS. STATE OF TELANGANA [LAWS(TLNG)-2020-9-19] [REFERRED TO]
K.S. RAVIKUMAR VS. R. RAMAIAH [LAWS(KAR)-2023-8-1036] [REFERRED TO]
STATE OF KARNATAKA VS. PURUSHOTHAM [LAWS(KAR)-2023-8-1089] [REFERRED TO]
BALKRUSHNA VS. STATE OF MAHARASHTRA [LAWS(BOM)-2022-12-133] [REFERRED TO]
NARAYAN S/O GANPATRAO GHUGE VS. STATE OF MAHARASHTRA [LAWS(BOM)-2022-7-166] [REFERRED TO]
MACHAMADAKASHI VS. STATE [LAWS(KAR)-2020-12-118] [REFERRED TO]
CHANDRASHEKAR VS. STATE OF KARNATAKA [LAWS(KAR)-2021-2-34] [REFERRED TO]
X VS. STATE OF KERALA [LAWS(KER)-2022-12-203] [REFERRED TO]
SWAROOP C VS. STATE OF KERALA [LAWS(KER)-2024-6-21] [REFERRED TO]
XXXXXXXXXX VS. STATE OF KERALA [LAWS(KER)-2023-7-180] [REFERRED TO]
AJAYAKUMAR VS. STATE OF KERALA [LAWS(KER)-2023-8-8] [REFERRED TO]
BIJU VS. STATE OF KERALA [LAWS(KER)-2024-5-66] [REFERRED TO]
PRITI AGARWALLA VS. STATE OF GNCT OF DELHI [LAWS(SC)-2024-5-70] [REFERRED TO]
HITESH DIPAKBHAI SHARMA VS. STATE OF GUJARAT [LAWS(GJH)-2021-9-320] [REFERRED TO]
PAVAS SHARMA VS. STATE OF CHHATTISGARH [LAWS(CHH)-2021-1-113] [REFERRED TO]
DEVNARAYAN SAHU VS. STATE OF CHHATTISGARH [LAWS(CHH)-2021-11-86] [REFERRED TO]
RAKESH VS. STATE OF GUJARAT [LAWS(GJH)-2021-6-112] [REFERRED TO]
VISHNUDAS MAHANT VS. STATE OF CHHATTISGARH [LAWS(CHH)-2021-6-6] [REFERRED TO]
RAVINDRA SONI VS. STATE OF CHHATTISGARH [LAWS(CHH)-2022-4-32] [REFERRED TO]
SUFAL DAS MANIKPURI VS. STATE OF CHHATTISGARH [LAWS(CHH)-2022-5-12] [REFERRED TO]
PANKAJ SINGH VS. STATE OF C.G. [LAWS(CHH)-2022-5-104] [REFERRED TO]
AJITH KUMAR K. VS. STATE OF KERALA [LAWS(KER)-2022-10-286] [REFERRED TO]
XXX VS. STATE OF KERALA [LAWS(KER)-2022-6-67] [REFERRED TO]
PRAVEEN KUMAR D.A VS. STATE OF KERALA [LAWS(KER)-2024-9-10] [REFERRED TO]
DILIPBHAI SARANGBHAI RAJPUT VS. STATE OF GUJARAT [LAWS(GJH)-2023-12-2] [REFERRED TO]
BANSARIBEN PRASHANTBHAI PATEL VS. STATE OF GUJARAT [LAWS(GJH)-2023-2-707] [REFERRED TO]
NARVATSINH MOTISINH CHAUHAN VS. STATE OF GUJARAT [LAWS(GJH)-2023-4-661] [REFERRED TO]
RAMESH G. PATEL VS. STATE OF KARNATAKA [LAWS(KAR)-2021-6-188] [REFERRED TO]
MANJUNATHA VS. STATE OF KARNATAKA [LAWS(KAR)-2021-6-241] [REFERRED TO]
MOHAMMED SAMEEUDDIN VS. CHITTANAND [LAWS(KAR)-2023-8-432] [REFERRED TO]
SHANTAWWA VS. STATE OF KARNATAKA [LAWS(KAR)-2023-8-1100] [REFERRED TO]
PURAN CHAND GUPTA VS. STATE NCT OF DELHI [LAWS(DLH)-2022-3-75] [REFERRED TO]
SAJJAN HIRCHAND GUSINGE VS. STATE OF MAHARASHTRA [LAWS(BOM)-2023-2-168] [REFERRED TO]
NILESHBHAI DEVRAJBHAI LUHAR VS. STATE OF GUJARAT [LAWS(GJH)-2021-7-236] [REFERRED TO]
MEGHABHAI JIVABHAI KOLI VS. STATE OF GUJARAT [LAWS(GJH)-2021-7-243] [REFERRED TO]
NARENDRAPURI LADHUPURI GOSWAMI VS. STATE OF GUJARAT [LAWS(GJH)-2021-7-379] [REFERRED TO]
KALABHAI KEHABHAI DABHI VS. STATE OF GUJARAT [LAWS(GJH)-2021-7-618] [REFERRED TO]
MAMTADEVI VS. STATE OF GUJARAT [LAWS(GJH)-2020-8-28] [REFERRED TO]
DAHYABHAI PRABHUBHAI KOLI(PATEL) VS. STATE OF GUJARAT [LAWS(GJH)-2020-8-317] [REFERRED TO]
SHANKARBHAI GOMANBHAI KOLIPATEL VS. STATE OF GUJARAT [LAWS(GJH)-2020-8-479] [REFERRED TO]
MUN MUN DUTTA VS. STATE OF HARYANA [LAWS(P&H)-2022-2-49] [REFERRED TO]
SUKHDEEP SINGH VS. STATE OF PUNJAB [LAWS(P&H)-2022-7-132] [REFERRED TO]
B VIJAYANAND VS. STATE TELANGANA [LAWS(TLNG)-2020-9-12] [REFERRED TO]
SYED SADRU ZAMA VS. STATE OF JHARKHAND [LAWS(JHAR)-2021-9-26] [REFERRED TO]
V VS. STATE NCT OF DELHI [LAWS(DLH)-2022-8-7] [REFERRED TO]
PUJA KUMARI VS. STATE OF JHARKHAND [LAWS(JHAR)-2024-5-30] [REFERRED TO]
SANJAY KRUSHNA KATKAR VS. STATE OF MAHARASHTRA [LAWS(BOM)-2023-9-313] [REFERRED TO]
NAINA SUNIL JAMDAR VS. STATE OF MAHARASHTRA [LAWS(BOM)-2023-7-702] [REFERRED TO]
VINOD VS. STATE OF MAHARASHTRA [LAWS(BOM)-2022-8-41] [REFERRED TO]
YUVRAJ ANURATH THOMBRE VS. STATE OF MAHARASHTRA [LAWS(BOM)-2023-1-271] [REFERRED TO]
STATE OF KARNATAKA VS. P. H. NARENDRA [LAWS(KAR)-2023-8-486] [REFERRED TO]
LATHA K.H. VS. STATE OF KARNATAKA [LAWS(KAR)-2023-8-1243] [REFERRED TO]
STATE OF KERALA VS. CIVIC CHANDRAN [LAWS(KER)-2022-10-217] [REFERRED TO]
AJUMON VS. STATE OF KERALA [LAWS(KER)-2021-1-196] [REFERRED TO]
URMILA SINGH CHAUHAN VS. STATE OF U.P. [LAWS(ALL)-2023-9-23] [REFERRED TO]
VEENA JAYAKUMAR VS. STATE OF KARNATAKA [LAWS(KAR)-2022-1-34] [REFERRED TO]
RAVI VS. STATE [LAWS(KAR)-2021-6-275] [REFERRED TO]
VISHWA PRASAD VS. STATE OF KARNATAKA [LAWS(KAR)-2021-6-339] [REFERRED TO]
CHIDANANDA @ SHIVANANDA VS. STATE OF KARNATAKA [LAWS(KAR)-2020-8-176] [REFERRED TO]
NAVEEN KESHRI VS. STATE OF CHHATTISGARH [LAWS(CHH)-2021-8-67] [REFERRED TO]
RAJ KUMAR PANDEY VS. STATE OF CHHATTISGARH [LAWS(CHH)-2022-7-105] [REFERRED TO]
KAMLESH NATHALA KALANI VS. STATE OF GUJARAT [LAWS(GJH)-2021-6-302] [REFERRED TO]
VAJABHAI KHIMABHAI RABARI VS. STATE OF GUJARAT [LAWS(GJH)-2021-7-198] [REFERRED TO]
ATULBHAI MAHIPATBHAI BRAHMBHATT VS. STATE OF GUJARAT [LAWS(GJH)-2021-7-446] [REFERRED TO]
LADUBEN JAYDEVBHAI BRAHMAN VS. STATE OF GUJARAT [LAWS(GJH)-2021-7-541] [REFERRED TO]
PRATHEESH R. VS. STATE OF KERALA [LAWS(KER)-2021-2-197] [REFERRED TO]
SASIPRIYAN S. VS. STATION HOUSE OFFICER [LAWS(KER)-2024-1-43] [REFERRED TO]
SYAM RAJ. R.S VS. STATE OF KERALA [LAWS(KER)-2024-9-8] [REFERRED TO]
MUKUND SINGH VS. STATE OF U. P. [LAWS(ALL)-2023-3-101] [REFERRED TO]
SUNIL KUMAR RAI VS. STATE OF BIHAR [LAWS(SC)-2022-2-128] [REFERRED TO]
GURDEEP SINGH VS. STATE OF RAJASTHAN [LAWS(RAJ)-2022-2-300] [REFERRED TO]
KRIPASHANKAR JAISWAL VS. STATE OF CHHATTISGARH [LAWS(CHH)-2021-11-88] [REFERRED TO]
POSHAN SHRIWAS VS. STATE OF CHHATTISGARH [LAWS(CHH)-2021-4-10] [REFERRED TO]
PATEL ARVINDBHAI JAYRAMBHAI VS. STATE OF GUJARAT [LAWS(GJH)-2020-6-760] [REFERRED TO]
RAJPUT HAMIRJI KHODABHAI VS. STATE OF GUJARAT [LAWS(GJH)-2024-1-31] [REFERRED TO]
MAHESH M.S. VS. STATE OF KARNATAKA [LAWS(KAR)-2020-12-90] [REFERRED TO]
ANIL PATIL VS. STATE [LAWS(KAR)-2020-7-333] [REFERRED TO]
SATYENDRA PRAKASH VERMA VS. STATE OF ODISHA [LAWS(ORI)-2024-1-93] [REFERRED TO]
DANISH KHAN VS. STATE (GOVT OF NCT OF DELHI) [LAWS(DLH)-2021-1-39] [REFERRED TO]
ANANDA VS. STATE OF KARNATAKA [LAWS(KAR)-2023-1-103] [REFERRED TO]
JULI C.J. VS. STATE OF KERALA [LAWS(KER)-2020-7-11] [REFERRED TO]
STATE VS. R.S.BHARATHI [LAWS(MAD)-2020-6-87] [REFERRED TO]
PALLAMPARTHI DILEEP VS. STATE OF ANDHRA PRADESH [LAWS(APH)-2023-11-51] [REFERRED TO]
AMI CHAND VS. STATE OF HIMACHAL PRADESH [LAWS(HPH)-2020-9-26] [REFERRED TO]
VIJAY GUPTA VS. STATE OF CHHATTISGARH [LAWS(CHH)-2021-2-127] [REFERRED TO]
GAGAN JAIPURIYA VS. STATE OF CHHATTISGARH [LAWS(CHH)-2022-4-74] [REFERRED TO]
SANJAY PATEL VS. STATE OF C.G. [LAWS(CHH)-2023-1-102] [REFERRED TO]
DR. VIKAS GARG VS. STATE OF C.G. [LAWS(CHH)-2023-1-115] [REFERRED TO]
RAMESH PARBAD BARADIYA VS. STATE OF GUJARAT [LAWS(GJH)-2021-7-195] [REFERRED TO]
STATE OF GUJARAT VS. JIGARBHAI JITESHBHAI SHAH [LAWS(GJH)-2022-11-49] [REFERRED TO]
BHARAT DAYALAL BHATT VS. STATE OF GUJARAT [LAWS(GJH)-2020-8-189] [REFERRED TO]
SANJAYKUMAR SARMANBHAI VARU VS. STATE OF GUJARAT [LAWS(GJH)-2021-10-202] [REFERRED TO]
DHANRAJ ASWANI VS. AMAR S. MULCHANDANI [LAWS(SC)-2024-9-14] [REFERRED TO]
K.D.OUSEPH VS. STATE OF KERALA [LAWS(KER)-2023-12-71] [REFERRED TO]
K.M.BASHEER VS. RAJANI K.T. [LAWS(KER)-2022-9-33] [REFERRED TO]
BYJU SEBASTIAN VS. STATE OF KERALA [LAWS(KER)-2022-4-40] [REFERRED TO]
SHAJI VAZHAKKALA VS. STATE OF KERALA [LAWS(KER)-2024-7-36] [REFERRED TO]
SUNIL VS. STATE OF KERALA [LAWS(KER)-2024-9-42] [REFERRED TO]
XXXXXXXX VS. STATE OF KERALA [LAWS(KER)-2023-9-15] [REFERRED TO]
PAWAN KUMAR VS. STATE OF U.P. [LAWS(ALL)-2024-2-20] [REFERRED TO]
MALLU @ MALLIKARJUN VS. STATE OF KARNATAKA [LAWS(KAR)-2020-8-145] [REFERRED TO]
MARUTI VS. STATE OF KARNATAKA [LAWS(KAR)-2020-9-405] [REFERRED TO]
SUMANGALA TIMMAPPA DESAI VS. STATE OF KARNATAKA [LAWS(KAR)-2021-6-228] [REFERRED TO]
HAMPANNA VS. STATE OF KARNATAKA [LAWS(KAR)-2021-7-118] [REFERRED TO]
SURINDER PAL VS. STATE OF PUNJAB [LAWS(P&H)-2023-5-1] [REFERRED TO]
ASHOK KUMAR VS. STATE OF HARYANA [LAWS(P&H)-2022-5-198] [REFERRED TO]
JASPREET SINGH VS. STATE OF PUNJAB [LAWS(P&H)-2023-2-58] [REFERRED TO]
ANIL KUMAR MAHENDRAPRATAP SINGH VS. STATE OF MAHARASHTRA [LAWS(BOM)-2023-9-282] [REFERRED TO]
PATTANASHETTI VS. STATE OF KARNATAKA [LAWS(KAR)-2023-7-1341] [REFERRED TO]
SUKANYA SHANTHA VS. UNION OF INDIA [LAWS(SC)-2024-10-3] [REFERRED TO]
PAPU ASHOK SUPEKAR VS. STATE OF MAHARASHTRA [LAWS(BOM)-2020-7-151] [REFERRED TO]
AVINASHBHAI PRABHUDAS SATAPARA VS. STATE OF GUJARAT [LAWS(GJH)-2020-7-33] [REFERRED TO]
MAHIPATSINH HIMMATSINH GOHIL VS. STATE OF GUJARAT [LAWS(GJH)-2020-8-290] [REFERRED TO]
HASMITABA GULABSINH JADEJA VS. STATE OF GUJARAT [LAWS(GJH)-2021-6-139] [REFERRED TO]
DASHRATHBHAI HAMIRJI THAKOR VS. STATE OF GUJARAT [LAWS(GJH)-2021-7-101] [REFERRED TO]
SANDEEP YADAV VS. STATE OF C.G. [LAWS(CHH)-2023-1-17] [REFERRED TO]
SANTOSH YADAV VS. STATE OF CHHATTISGARH [LAWS(CHH)-2022-1-67] [REFERRED TO]
BALWAN SINGH VS. STATE OF HARYANA [LAWS(P&H)-2022-11-7] [REFERRED TO]
VINOD BINDAL VS. STATE OF HARYANA [LAWS(P&H)-2022-12-72] [REFERRED TO]
KUNDANMAL VS. STATE OF RAJASTHAN [LAWS(RAJ)-2023-11-49] [REFERRED TO]
BHAWANA GUPTA VS. STATE OF PUNJAB [LAWS(P&H)-2024-1-9] [REFERRED TO]
PADAMSINH AMBALAL PADHIYAR VS. STATE OF GUJARAT [LAWS(GJH)-2021-7-396] [REFERRED TO]
DIPAK UKABHAI GUJJAR VS. STATE OF GUJARAT [LAWS(GJH)-2021-9-37] [REFERRED TO]
ASHOK VS. STATE OF KARNATAKA [LAWS(KAR)-2021-6-163] [REFERRED TO]
MADHAVANKUTTY VS. STATE OF KERALA [LAWS(KER)-2022-11-192] [REFERRED TO]
ABBAS R.V VS. STATE OF KERALA [LAWS(KER)-2022-9-46] [REFERRED TO]
JIMMY JOSEPH VS. STATE OF KERALA [LAWS(KER)-2023-8-124] [REFERRED TO]
ARJUN K AJAYAN VS. STATE OF KERALA [LAWS(KER)-2024-1-101] [REFERRED TO]
RAKESH MISHRA VS. STATE OF U. P. [LAWS(ALL)-2023-4-197] [REFERRED TO]
SALMAN TANVEER VS. STATE OF U.P. [LAWS(ALL)-2023-12-40] [REFERRED TO]
APARNA PUROHIT VS. STATE OF U. P. [LAWS(ALL)-2021-2-100] [REFERRED TO]
P. DHANANJAYA NAIDU VS. STATE OF ANDHRA PRADESH [LAWS(APH)-2022-9-95] [REFERRED TO]
ASHWIN SAHADEV CHINCHULKAR VS. STATE OF MAHARASHTRA [LAWS(BOM)-2024-6-40] [REFERRED TO]
SIDDU SAHUKAR VS. STATE OF KARNATAKA [LAWS(KAR)-2023-8-83] [REFERRED TO]
JAGDISH SAJJANKUMAR BANKA VS. STATE OF MAHARASHTRA [LAWS(BOM)-2023-3-13] [REFERRED TO]
JAVED RAZA SHROFF VS. STATE OF MAHARASHTRA [LAWS(BOM)-2022-12-151] [REFERRED TO]
ABHILASH A.S. VS. STATE OF KERALA [LAWS(KER)-2023-12-18] [REFERRED TO]
AKHILESH SUKUMARAN VS. STATE OF KERALA [LAWS(KER)-2022-9-244] [REFERRED TO]
RENJINI VS. STATE OF KERALA [LAWS(KER)-2022-11-137] [REFERRED TO]
DR. PREMSHANKAR VIDYADHAR BHATT VS. STATE OF MAHARASHTRA [LAWS(BOM)-2022-6-54] [REFERRED TO]
MANJUSHA PAWAN PUNDKAR VS. STATE OF MAHARASHTRA [LAWS(BOM)-2022-9-215] [REFERRED TO]
MOHAN VS. STATE OF MAHARASHTRA [LAWS(BOM)-2023-1-175] [REFERRED TO]
SHAIKH SANA FARHEEN SHAHMIR VS. STATE OF MAHARASHTRA [LAWS(BOM)-2023-2-203] [REFERRED TO]
KIRAN VS. STATE OF KARNATAKA [LAWS(KAR)-2021-6-113] [REFERRED TO]
RAVIKUMAR VS. STATE OF KARANTAKA [LAWS(KAR)-2021-7-179] [REFERRED TO]
MALLIKARJUNA S/O PARSHURAM VS. STATE OF KARNATAKA [LAWS(KAR)-2021-9-71] [REFERRED TO]
VIDHYABEN MUKESHBHAI NAYI VS. STATE OF GUJARAT [LAWS(GJH)-2024-1-78] [REFERRED TO]
KANDA SWAMY VS. STATE OF ANDHRA PRADESH [LAWS(APH)-2022-7-89] [REFERRED TO]
SUNIL BIRADAR VS. STATE [LAWS(KAR)-2023-1-27] [REFERRED TO]
PANCHAKSHARI VS. STATE OF KARNATAKA [LAWS(KAR)-2024-5-44] [REFERRED TO]
J S SIDDALINGAIAH VS. STATE OF KARNATAKA [LAWS(KAR)-2024-6-72] [REFERRED TO]
ARUL P. SUGATHAN AND ORS. VS. STATE OF KERALA AND ORS. [LAWS(KER)-2020-10-518] [REFERRED TO]
SUDIP MONDAL VS. STATE OF WEST BENGAL [LAWS(CAL)-2023-10-64] [REFERRED TO]
HARJIT KAUR VS. STATE OF PUNJAB [LAWS(P&H)-2022-10-14] [REFERRED TO]
DEEPAK BANSAL VS. STATE OF PUNJAB [LAWS(P&H)-2022-12-187] [REFERRED TO]
RAVI VS. STATE OF HARYANA [LAWS(P&H)-2022-6-20] [REFERRED TO]
SAMPATLAL VS. STATE OF RAJASTHAN [LAWS(RAJ)-2022-2-411] [REFERRED TO]
VINUBHAI DEVSHIBHAI NAKRANI VS. STATE OF GUJARAT [LAWS(GJH)-2020-6-389] [REFERRED TO]
RAJPUT BRIJRAJSINH BADANSINH VS. STATE OF GUJARAT [LAWS(GJH)-2021-6-301] [REFERRED TO]
LAXMI NARAYAN SAHU VS. STATE OF CHHATTISGARH [LAWS(CHH)-2022-2-6] [REFERRED TO]
A. CHANDRASHEKAR RAO VS. STATE OF CHHATTISGARH [LAWS(CHH)-2021-4-9] [REFERRED TO]
UMENDRA SAHU VS. STATE OF CHHATTISGARH [LAWS(CHH)-2021-2-44] [REFERRED TO]
BHIMA VS. STATE OF CHHATTISGARH [LAWS(CHH)-2020-12-45] [REFERRED TO]
SARABJEET KAUR WIFE OF HARPREET SINGH VS. STATE OF CHHATTISGARH [LAWS(CHH)-2020-12-71] [REFERRED TO]
KAILAS SHANKARLAL SONI VS. STATE OF MAHARASHTRA [LAWS(BOM)-2021-12-189] [REFERRED TO]
NANDKISHOR VS. STATE OF MAHARASHTRA [LAWS(BOM)-2021-3-292] [REFERRED TO]
SHAJAN SKARIA VS. STATE OF KERALA [LAWS(SC)-2024-8-60] [REFERRED TO]
AAKASH VINESH MALIK VS. STATE OF GUJARAT [LAWS(GJH)-2021-6-128] [REFERRED TO]
ANILKUMAR BHOGIRAM SHRIVASTAV VS. STATE OF GUJARAT [LAWS(GJH)-2021-6-264] [REFERRED TO]
DHARAMSHIBHAI TAPUBHAI SONAGARA VS. STATE OF GUJARAT [LAWS(GJH)-2021-7-237] [REFERRED TO]
RAHUL SHARMA VS. STATE OF CHHATTISGARH [LAWS(CHH)-2021-1-73] [REFERRED TO]
KRISHNA YADAV VS. STATE OF CHHATTISGARH [LAWS(CHH)-2021-2-41] [REFERRED TO]
RAMANAND NISHAD, VS. STATE OF CHHATTISGARH [LAWS(CHH)-2021-5-22] [REFERRED TO]
SHAILESH KUMAR RAI VS. STATE OF CHHATTISGARH [LAWS(CHH)-2022-4-114] [REFERRED TO]
BASANT SHUKLA VS. STATE OF CHHATTISGARH [LAWS(CHH)-2022-5-11] [REFERRED TO]
JANHIT ABHIYAN VS. UNION OF INDIA [LAWS(SC)-2022-11-25] [REFERRED TO]
RAHNA JALAL VS. STATE OF KERALA AND ORS. [LAWS(SC)-2020-12-59] [REFERRED TO]
PRAVEEN KUMAR VS. STATE OF KERALA [LAWS(KER)-2024-4-45] [REFERRED TO]
MAHESH M.S. VS. STATE OF KARNATAKA [LAWS(KAR)-2020-11-379] [REFERRED TO]
UDAY VS. STATE OF KARNATAKA [LAWS(KAR)-2020-7-373] [REFERRED TO]
P.S. MAHESH VS. STATE OF KARNATAKA [LAWS(KAR)-2022-1-115] [REFERRED TO]
GOPAL MISHRA VS. STATE OF U. P. [LAWS(ALL)-2021-1-122] [REFERRED TO]
SOHIT KUMAR VS. STATE OF U. P. [LAWS(ALL)-2023-1-81] [REFERRED TO]
SOORAJ V. SUKUMAR VS. STATE OF KERALA [LAWS(KER)-2022-7-44] [REFERRED TO]
NILESHBHAI BHAILALBHAI VARIYA VS. STATE OF GUJARAT [LAWS(GJH)-2023-2-919] [REFERRED TO]
M. SHIVANNA VS. STATE OF KARNATAKA [LAWS(KAR)-2023-7-546] [REFERRED TO]
LATA RATAN ROKADE VS. STATE OF MAHARASHTRA [LAWS(BOM)-2024-6-98] [REFERRED TO]
SHIVSHANKAR VS. STATE OF MAHARASHTRA [LAWS(BOM)-2024-6-171] [REFERRED TO]
RIJWAN VS. STATE OF MAHARASHTRA [LAWS(BOM)-2023-4-146] [REFERRED TO]
RAMESH RAGHOBA THORAT VS. STATE OF MAHARASHTRA [LAWS(BOM)-2023-8-455] [REFERRED TO]
AMOL VS. STATE OF MAHARASHTRA [LAWS(BOM)-2023-2-112] [REFERRED TO]
BALWANT SINGH VS. STATE OF PUNJAB [LAWS(P&H)-2022-4-147] [REFERRED TO]
BALJINDER SINGH VS. STATE OF PUNJAB [LAWS(P&H)-2022-1-72] [REFERRED TO]


JUDGEMENT

ARUN MISHRA,J. - (1.)The petitioners have questioned the provisions inserted by way of carving out section 18A of the Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes (Prevention of Atrocities) Act, 1989 (Act of 1989). Section 18 as well as section 18A, are reproduced hereunder:
"18. Section 438 of the Code not to apply to persons committing an offence under the Act.--Nothing in section 438 of the Code shall apply in relation to any case involving the arrest of any person on an accusation of having committed an offence under this Act." "Section 18A. (i) For the purpose of this Act,-

(a) preliminary enquiry shall be required for registration of a First Information Report against any person; or

(b) the investigating officer shall not require approval for the arrest, if necessary, of any person, against whom an accusation of having committed an offence under this Act has been made, and no procedure other than that provided under this Act or the Code shall apply.

(ii) The provisions of section 438 of the Code shall not apply to a case under this Act, notwithstanding any judgment or order or direction of any Court."

(2.)It is submitted that section 18A has been enacted to nullify the judgment of this Court in Dr. Subhash Kashinath Mahajan v. The State of Maharashtra & Anr., (2018) 6 SCC 454, in which following directions were issued:
"83. Our conclusions are as follows:

(i) Proceedings in the present case are clear abuse of process of court and are quashed.

(ii) There is no absolute bar against grant of anticipatory bail in cases under the Atrocities Act if no prima facie case is made out or where on judicial scrutiny the complaint is found to be prima facie mala fide. We approve the view taken and approach of the Gujarat High Court in Pankaj D. Suthar (supra) and Dr. N.T. Desai (supra) and clarify the judgments of this Court in Balothia (supra) and Manju Devi (supra);

(iii) In view of acknowledged abuse of law of arrest in cases under the Atrocities Act, arrest of a public servant can only be after approval of the appointing authority and of a non-public servant after approval by the S.S.P. which may be granted in appropriate cases if considered necessary for reasons recorded. Such reasons must be scrutinised by the Magistrate for permitting further detention.

(iv) To avoid false implication of an innocent, a preliminary enquiry may be conducted by the DSP concerned to find out whether the allegations make out a case under the Atrocities Act and that the allegations are not frivolous or motivated.

(v) Any violation of directions (iii) and (iv) will be actionable by way of disciplinary action as well as contempt. The above directions are prospective."

(3.)It has been submitted that this Court has noted in Dr. Subhash Kashinath (supra) that the provisions of the Act of 1989 are being misused as such the amendment is arbitrary, unjust, irrational and violative of Article 21 of the Constitution of India. There could not have been any curtailment of the right to obtain anticipatory bail under section 438 Cr.PC. Prior scrutiny and proper investigation are necessary. Most of the safeguards have been provided under the Act of 1989 to prevent undue harassment. This Court has struck down the provision of section 66A of the Information Technology Act on the ground of violation of fundamental rights; on the same anvil, the provisions of section 18A of the Act of 1989 deserve to be struck down.


Click here to view full judgement.
Copyright © Regent Computronics Pvt.Ltd.