RAJAN ROY,J. - (1.) Heard Shri S.K.kalia, S.C. Misra and Sri Jaideep Narain Mathur Learned senior Advocate along with Sri Sandeep Dixit Learned Advocate for the petitioners and Dr. L.P. Misra along with Sri Sanjay Bhasin, Sri Prafull Tewari for the state, Sri S.B. Pandey for the Union of India and Sri Gyanendra Srivastava for the Medical council of India.
(2.) All these writ petitions involve similar questions of fact and law, therefore, they have been heard together and are being decided by a common judgment.
(3.) For convenience writ petition No. 20575 (MB) of 2016 has been treated as the leading writ petition. Petitioner of this writ petition is an Association of Un-aided Medical Colleges. The petitioners in other writ petitions are universities/colleges imparting education in medical courses such as MBBS etc., some of which claim to be minority institutions. Factual Background of the case;