- (1.) R..B..Misra,.J. Heard.na,.learned.cou.application.is.sufficient.and.the.order.dated.13-5-2003.dismissing.the.writ.petitioner.is.recalled.and.the.writ.petition.No..24659.of.1989.is.being.heard.and.finally.decided.on.merits w.M..Pantiah.and.Ors..v..Muddala.Veeramallappa.and.Ors..,.AIR.1961.SC.1107 REFERRED.TO.ith.the.consent.of.learned.counsel.for.the.parties.in.view.of.second.proviso.to.Rule.2.of.Chapter.XXII.of.Allahabad.High.Court.Rules,.1952.
(2.) ..In.this.petition.prayer.has.been.made.for.quashing.the.undated.non.deployment.order..(Annexure-3.to.the.writ.petition)and.the.prayer.of.writ.of.mandamus.commanding.the.respondents.to.regularize.the.services.of.the.petitioner..According.to.the.petitioners.they.were.deployed.as.casual,.workers.in.Kishanpur.Pump.Nahar,.Allahabad.on.daily.wages..They.were.not.issued.appointment.orders.however,.they.have.continuously.worked.four.to.five.years.and.they.have.completed.240.days.of.continuous.service.in.a.calendar.year.and.they.have.assured.for.their.regularization,.when.they.approached.one.Assistant.Engineer,.he.demanded.Rs..1000/-for.regularization.on.non.fulfilling.the.requirement.the.petitioners.even.filed.F..I..R..to.the.Superintendent.of.Police.Allahabad,.however.their.deployment.on.contractual.basis.were.not.continued..According.to.the.petitioners.after.having.served.four.to.five.years.without.any.rhym.and.reason.or.without.affording.opportunity.of.hearing,.without.any.written.order.the.deployment.of.petitioners.arbitrarily.was.stopped.in.violation.of.Articles.14.and.16.of.the.Constitution..The.termination.of.the.petitioners.without.complying.of.Section.6-N.of.the.UP.Industrial.Disputes.Act,1947.is.illegal.as.the.petitioners.were.entitled.to.be.regularized. ..The.counter.affidavit.has.been.filed.by.the.respondents,.indicating.that.no.written.appointment.order.was.issued,.however,.in.exigency.requirement.of.work.petitioners.were.deployed.for.some.time.on.contractual.basis.for.some.days..Their.contractual.deployment.commenced.in.the.morning.and.came.to.an.end.in.the.evening.and.the.payments.were.made.for,.the.number.of-days.they.were.deployed..They.have.never.worked.continuously.240.days.in.a.calendar.year..The.question.of.filing.F..I..R..and.assurances.are.concocted.when.the.work.was.not.required.their.contractual.deployment.was.not.renewed. ..According.to.the.respondents.non-continuance.of.contractual.deployment.is.not.illegal,.fatal.and.it.is.not.a.termination..The.provision.of.Section.6-N.of.U..P..Industrial.Disputes.Act.are.not.to.be.complied.with.and.the.principle.of,.natural.justice,.is.not.applicable.and.no.opportunity.of.hearing.was.necessary.to.be.given.to.the.petitioners.for.non.renewing.their.contractual.deployment..There.is.no.question.of.defiance.of.provisions.of.Articles.14.and.16.of.the.Constitution.as.contended.by.the.respondents.
(3.) ..To.strengthen.the.cause.on.behalf.of.petitioners.following.submissions.have.been.made (a).The.main.contention.of.the.learned.counsel.for.the.petitioners.is.that.when.the.petitioners.had.been.engaged.for.such.a.long.period.and.had.been.working.for.more.than.240.days.in.each.calendar.year,.then.the.respondents.must.regularize.his.the.services.and.that.he.should.not.be.thrown.on.roads..In.support,.he.has.placed.reliance.upon.2000.(3).LBESR.1..(SC).:.JT.1996..(8).SC.1.Central.Welfare.Board.and.others.v..Ms..Anjali.Bepari.and.others.and.2001.(1).LBESR.1029..(S).:..(2001).3.SCC.574;.Gujarat.Agricultural.University.v..Rathod.Labhu.Bechar.and.others. (b).The.learned.Counsel,.therefore,.contended.that.the.policy.decision.adopted.by.the.respondents.is.unconscionable.in.nature.and.the.petitioners.had.to.accept.the.said.appointments,.as.they.have.no.power.to.bargaining..It.was.submitted.that.appointment.having.been.made.according.to.the.prevailing.norms.land.service.of.the.petitioner.is.entitled.to.be.regularised.and.the.petitioners.are.entitled.to.the.same.scale.of.pay,.which.were.being.paid.to.the.permanent.employees. (c).It.has.been.contended.on.behalf.of.petitioners.that.since.the.petitioners.was.deployed.as.daily.wager.irrespective.of.the.fact.where.there.was.any.vacancy,.but.his.continuous.deployment.should.be.reckoned.with.merits.consideration.that.there.is.regular.need.for.his.service.and.he.is.being.made.to.work.on.daily.wage.basis.with.the.specific.purpose.and.he.is.performing.duties.qua.the.regular.employees.and.by.virtue.of.the.continuous.deployment.irrespective.of.the.act.whether.he.is.having.minimum.eligibility.criteria.and.qualification.and.he.is.entitled.for.regularization.and.for.equal.pay.and.equal.salary.qua.regular.employees.in.the.Government.department. (d).To.strengthen.the.submission.of.the.cause.learned.counsel.for.the.petitioners.has.placed.reliance.on.the.judgment.of.the.Supreme.Court.in.State.of.Haryana.v..Piara.Singh,.JT.1992..(5).SC.179;.Khagesh.Kumar.and.others.v..I..G..Registration.and.others,.1996.(1).LBESR.113..(SC).:.1995..(7).SC.545.and.State.of.U..P..and.others.v..Putti.Lal,..(1988).1.UPLBEC.313..Learned.counsel.for.the.petitioners.has.submitted.that.in.view.of.the.observations.made.by.the.Supreme.Court.in.Khagesh.Kumar..(supra),.the.petitioners.are.entitled.to.be.considered.for.regularization.under.the.provisions.of.the.U..P..Regularization.of.Ad-hoc.Appointments..(On.Posts.outside.the.Purview.of.the.Public.Service.Commission).Rules,.1979.as.amended.upto.date..Learned.Counsel.for.petitioner.pressed.for.regularization.and.'equal.pay.for.equal.work'.especially.on.the.dint.of.the.decision.of.the.Supreme.Court.in.the.case.of.Dharvad.District.P..W..D..Literate.Daily.Employees'.Association.and.others.v..State.of.Karnataka.and.others,..(1990).3.UPLBEC.2151,.and.the.decision.of.this.Court.in.the.case.of.State.of.U..P..v..Putti.Lal..(supra.). (e).It.has.been.contended.on.behalf.of.the.petitioners.that.there.is.an.element.of.public.interest.created.by.the.Government.in.matters.of.appointment.on.daily.wages.for.or.in.connection.with.the.affairs.of.the.State,.and.consequently.the.daily-rated.employees.get.an.element.of.public.interest.in.the.performance.of.their.duties..The.element.of.public.interest.being.so.pronounced,.it.cannot.be.repudiated,.set.of.rules.to.be.framed.in.consonance.with.the.imperatives.of.Articles.14,.16,.38,.39,.41.and.43.of.the.Constitution.and.compatible.with.the.reservation.policy.of.the.State.in.the.matters.governing.appointment.on.daily.wages.for.or.in.connection.with.the.affairs.of.the.State..The.appointments.of.daily-rated.employees.might.be.referable.to.contingent.establishment.but.payments.of.wages.would.nonetheless.be.the.payment.charged.in.the.public.fund.and.the.State.or.its.authority.cannot.be.allowed.to.have.a.carte.blanche.of.lending.out.favour.or.bestowing.benevolence.on.a.chosen.few.on.extraneous.consideration.and.at.the.express.of.public.exchequer..The.daily-rated.employees.engaged.in.Government.departments,.do.acquire,.in.the.course.of.time,.a.status.and.certain.rights.and.privileges.lending.justification.to.interference.by.the.Courts.in.order.to.protect.such.rights.and.privileges.qua.the.provisions.contained.in.Articles.38,.39,.41.and.43.of.the.Constitution..A.constitutional.duty/obligation.is.cast.upon.this.Court.to.ensure.that.the.laudable.objectives.sought.to.be.achieved.by.the.constitutional.provisions.aforestated.are.not.overreached.by.those.whose.duty.it.is.to.promote.the.welfare.of.the.people.by.securing.and.protecting.as.effectively.as.it.may,.a.social.order.in.which.justice,.social.economic.and.political,.informs.all.the.institutions.of.the.National.Life.to.strive.to.minimize.the.inequality.in.income.and.endeavour.to.eliminate.inequalities.in.status,.facilities.and.opportunities.amongst.individuals;.to.direct.its.policy.towards.securing."equal.pay.for.equal.work",.health.and.strength.of.workers;.and,.within.the.limits.of.its.economic.capacity,.to.make.effective.provisions.for.securing.the.right.to.work..The.Court.can.take.judicial.notice.of.the.fact.that.the.practice.of.appointment.of.daily-rated.employees.that.is.in.vogue.in.Government.departments,.cannot.be.abandoned.except.on.pains.of.imperiling.the.public.interest..The.daily-rated.employees.if.allowed.to.continue.for.a.considerable.length.of.time,.acquire.a.status.and.regard.being.had.to.directive.principles.of.state.policy.enshrined.in.Part.IV.of.the.Constitution,.the.Courts.very.often.intervene.in.the.matter.with.a.view.to.doing.justice.to.such.employees.and.granting.them.full-fledged.status.of.a.Government.servant..The.daily-rated.casual.employees.constitute.themselves.a.Class.of.Government.servants..In.Chief.Conservator.of.Forest.v..Jagannath.Maruti.Kon.Bhare,.AIR.1996.SC.967.the.Supreme.Court.affirmed.the.decision.of.the.Industrial.Court.holding.that.employment.of.casual/temporary.basis.for.several.years..(5.to.6.years.in.that.case).amounts.to.unfair.labour.practice. (f).The.daily.wagers.may.be.regularized,.provided.vacancies,.posts.are.existing.and.in.consonance.to.rules,.regulations,.scheme.or.Government.order,.for.the.purpose.compatible.with.the.constitutional.provisions.particularly.those.embodied.in.Articles.14,.16,.38,.39,.41.and.43.of.the.Constitution.with.particular.reference.to.the.doctrine.of."social.justice".which.the.Supreme.Court.as.expatiated.upon.in.Air.India.Statutory.Corporation.v..United.Labour.Union,..(1997).9.SCC.377,.as.under: "social.justice,.equality.and.dignity.of.persons.are.cornerstone.of.social.democracy..Social.justice.is.a.dynamic.device.to.mitigate.the.suffering.of.the.poor,.weak..Dalits,.tribals,.and.deprived.sections.of.the.society.and.to.elevate.them.to.the.level.of.equality.to.live.their.lives.with.dignity.of.person....................Social.security,.just.and.humane.conditions.of.work.and.leisure.of.workman.are.part.of.his.meaningful.right.to.life.and.to.achieve.self-expression.of.his.personality.and.to.enjoy.the.life.with.dignity.." (g).The.learned.Counsel.in.support.of.the.aforementioned.contentions.has.relied.upon.the.decision.of.Surinder.Singh.v..The.Engineer.in.Chief..CPWD.and.Ors..,.AIR.1986.SC.584,.Sushil.Kumar.Yadunath.Jha.v..Union.of.India,.AIR.1986.SC.1636,.Jacob.M..Puthuparambil.v..Kerala.Water.Authority.and.Ors..,.AIR.1990.SC.2228.and.Karnataka.State.Private.College.Stop.Gap.Lecturers.Association.v..State.of.Karnataka.and.Ors..,.AIR.1992.SC.677.as.well.as.the.decision.of.A..K..Jain.v..Union.of.India,.2.S..C..service.Law.Journal.203..(Sic).and.Rajbinder.v..State.of.Punjab.and.Ors..,.2.S..C..Service.Law.Journal.521..(Sic..). (h).The.references.were.made.on.behalf.of.the.petitioners.on.Daily-rated.Casual.Labour.through.Bharatiya.Dak.Tar.Mazdoor.Manch.v..Union.of.India.and.Ors..,..(AIR.1987.SC.2342);.Bhagwati.Prasad.v..Delhi.State.Mineral.Development.Corporation,.1990..(1).SCC.361..Bharat.Petroleum.Management.v..Bharat.Petroleum.Co..Ltd..,.1990..(2).SCC.356..Dhirendra.Chamoli.and.Anr..v..State.of.U..P..,.1986..(1).SCC.637. (i).Learned.counsel.for.the.petitioners.has.claimed.petitioner's.regularisation.on.the.strength.of.judgement.of.this.Court..(Hon'ble.Om.Prakash,.J.).in..(1991).1.UPLBEC.401,.Tejpal.and.others.v..Director.of.Education.and.others,.where.this.Court.has.observed.that.regularisation.is.imperative.under.Constitutional.philosophy.when.the.daily.wagers.have.put.in.deployment.for.several.years,.however,.the.decision.of.this.Court.in.Tejpal..(Supra).can.not.be.a.binding.precedence.in.view.of.large.number.of.subsequent.decisions.of.this.Court.and.Supreme.Court. (j).In.view.of.three.Judges.Bench.decision.of.the.Supreme.Court.in..(1990).1.SCC.361,.Bhagwati.Prasad.v..Delhi.State.Mineral.Development.Corporation,.the.learned.Counsel.for.the.petitioners.has.submitted.that.the.writ.petitioners.were.having.relevant.educational.qualification.and.were.serving.for.long.period.with.artificial.breaks.in.service,.could.be.considered.for.regularisation.in.phases.accordance.with.seniority.by.ignoring.the.artificial.breaks.of.three.months.while.purpose.of.computing.their.past.service,.however,.this.case.shall.have.no.binding.precedence.and.has.not.decided.any.law.and.only.under.the.facts.and.circumstances.has.directed.the.respondent.authorities.to.consider.the.case.of.regularisation. (k).The.petitioners.have.claimed.regularisation.on.the.strength.of.a.judgement.of.this.Court..(Hon'ble.D..K..Seth,.J.).in.1998..(78).FLR.100,.Ram.Sundar.Yadav.and.another.v..The.Regional.Sports.Officer,.Sports.Stadium.Meerut.and.others),.where.the.writ.petitioners.after.having.worked.about.7-8.years.in.the.sports.stadium.were.directed.for.being.considered.for.regularisation.following.the.decision.of.Bhullar.Nath.Yadav.and.others.v..Mayo.Hall.Sports.Complex.Allahabad.and.others,.1990..(61).FLR.68..The.facts.of.Ram.Sundar.Yadav..(supra).are.different.and.distianuishable.and.the.decision.is.in.per.enqurium.as.the.same.is.not.taking.upto.date.decision.of.the.Supreme.Court.on.the.subject.of.regularisation.while.passing.above.judgement. (l).In.2001.(1).LBESR.1029..(SC).:..(2001).3.SCC.574,.Gujarat.Agricultural.University.v..Rathod.Labhu.Bechar.and.others,.the.Supreme.Court.observed.that.daily.rated.labourers.engaged.dehors.the.rules.as.plumbers,.carpenters,.sweepers,.pump.operators,.helpers.and.masons.by.fully.State-aided.University.were.allowed.to.continue.as.such.for.a.long.period.of.10.years,.therefore,.non-regularising.the.services.of.such.daily.wagers.by.university.was.held.as.an.unfair.labour.practice.and.the.daily.rated.labourers.were.indicated.to.be.considered.for.absorption.against.existing.vacant.posts.in.accordance.with.the.rules-and.necessary.by.relaxing.qualification.and.creating.necessary.number.of.posts. ..The.Supreme.Court.in..(1997).11.SCC.396,.Ratan.Singh.v..Union.of.India.and.another,.has.held.that.the.service.of.a.daily.rated.workman,.who.had.continuously.served.for.the.requisite.statutory.minimum.period.in.a.year,.cannot.be.terminated.without.complying.the.requirement.of.Section.25-F.of.the.Industrial.Disputes.Act.and.a.lump.sum.amount.of.Rs..25,000/-was.directed.to.be.paid.to.the.workman.in.lieu.of.reinstatement.of.back-wages.;