- (1.) THIS special appeal by the Central Board of Secondary Education questions the. legality of the judgment and order of the learned Single Judge, whereby the writ petition preferred by the respondent No. 1 -writ petitioner, a student of Class-XII, has been allowed and a direction has been issued to declare the result of respondent No. 1 -writ petitioner.
(2.) THE facts as indicated in the judgment and order of the learned Single Judge are not disputed and, therefore, the same are not being reproduced. The contention raised by the appellants-Board is that the conclusion drawn by the learned Single Judge on the basis whereof the respondent No. 1-writ petitioner has been treated to be a private candidate entitled to appear in the examinations, is erroneous in view of the provisions of the regulations relating to the admission to examinations. Sri H.N. Pandey, learned counsel for the appellants, contends that the entitlement of a student to appear in the examination is regulated on the basis of minimum 75% attendance in the classes and for that, Sri Pandey has invited our attention to Rule 13, which is quoted below : 13. A Regular Course of Study. 13.1 (i) The expression "a regular course of study" referred to in these Bye-Laws means at least 75% of attendance in the Classes held; counted from the day of commencing teaching of Classes X/XII upto the 1st of the month preceding the month in which the examination of the Board commences. Candidates taking up a subject(s) involving practicals shall also be required to have put in at least 75% of the total attendance for practical work in the subject in laboratory. Heads of Institutions shall not allow a candidate who has offered subject(s) involving practicals to take the practical examination(s) unless the candidate fulfils the attendance requirements as given in this Rule. (ii) The candidates who had failed in the same examination in the preceding year and who rejoins Classes X/XII shall be required to put in 75% of attendance calculated on the possible attendance from the 1 st of the month following the publication of the results of that examination by the Board upto the 1 st of the month preceding the month in which the examination of the Board commences. (iii) In the case of migration from other institutions, attendance at the institution/school recognized by the Education Department of the State/Union Territory from which the candidate migrates will be taken into account in calculating the required percentage of attendance. 13.2 Requirement of Attendance in Subjects of Internal Assessment (i) No student from a School affiliated to the Board shall be eligible to take the examination unless he has completed 75% of attendances counted from the opening of class X/XII upto the first of the month preceding the month in which the examination commences in the subjects of internal assessment. (ii) Exemption from W.E./Art Education/P&HE may be granted to a candidate on medical grounds provided the application is supported by a certificate given by a Registered Medical Officer of the rank not below that of Asstt. Surgeon and forwarded by the Head of the School with his recommendations. (iii) The Chairman shall have powers to condone shortage of attendances in subjects of internal assessment."
(3.) THE power to condone the shortage of attendance is contained in Rule 14, which is quoted below: - "14. Rules for Condonation of Shortage of Attendances. (i) If a candidate's attendance falls short of the prescribed percentage, the Head of the School may submit his name to the Board provisionally. If the candidate is still short of the required percentage of attendance within three weeks of the commencement of the examination, the Head of the Institution shall report the case to the Regional Officer concerned immediately. If in the opinion of the Head of the Institution, the candidate deserves special consideration, he may submit his recommendation to the Regional Officer concerned not later than three weeks before the commencement of the examination for condonation of shortage in attendances by the Chairman, CBSE, who may issue orders as he may deem proper. THE Head of the School in his letter requesting for condonation of shortage in attendance, should give the maximum possible attendance by a student counted from the day of commencing teaching of Classes X/XII (beginning of the session) upto the 1st of the month preceding the month in which the examination of the Board commences, attendance by the candidate in question during the aforesaid period and the percentage of attendance by such a candidate during the aforesaid period. (ii) Shortage up to 15% only may be condoned by the Chairman. Cases of candidates with attendance below 60% in class X or class XII, as the case may be, shall be considered for condonation of shortage of attendance by the Chairman only in exceptional circumstances created on medical grounds, such as candidate suffering from serious diseases like cancer, AIDS, TB or similar serious diseases requiring long period of hospitalization. (iii) THE Principal shall refer a case of shortage within the above prescribed limit of condonation to the Board, either with the recommendations or with valid reasons for not recommending the case. (iv) THE following may be considered valid reasons for recommending the cases of the candidates with attendance less than the prescribed percentage: (a) prolonged illness; (b) loss of father/mother or some other such incident leading to his absence from the school and meriting special consideration; and (c) any other reason of similar serious nature. (d) Authorised participation in sponsored tournaments and sports meets of not less than inter-school level and at NCC/NSS camps including the days of journeys for such participation shall be counted as full attendance." In the event, a student is unable to succeed in the examinations, he will be permitted to appear in the next examinations as 'private candidate' under Rules 16,17 and 18 of the Rules. Rule 18 is relevant for the purposes of the present controversy, which is quoted below: - "18. Persons eligible to appear as "Private Candidate" at All India Senior School Certificate (XII) Examination (i) A candidate who had failed at the All India Senior School Certificate Examination of the Board will be eligible to reappear at a subsequent examination as a private candidate in the syllabus and text books as prescribed for the examination of the year in which he will reappear. (ii) Teachers serving in educational institutions affiliated to the Board who have already passed Secondary or an equivalent examination at least two years before taking the Senior Schools Certificate Examination. Teacher candidates shall submit his application form along with a certificate by the Head of school in which they are serving duly countersigned by the Director of Education of the State/Union Territory concerned to the Regional Officer of the Board of the region in which the teacher is serving." ;