PRABHA SRIDEVAN,CHAIRMAN - (1.) THE appellant claimed that it had invented "A Chaos Theoretical Exponent Value Calculation system" and applied for patent under 3624/DELNP/2005. The Deputy Controller held that the functions of the so -called system are based on mathematical method for solving mathematical equations, and declined to accept the technical effect theory followed under European Patent law, as he was of the opinion that our law does not allow patent for mathematical methods which have a technical effect, and therefore the invention was rejected as not patentable under S.3(k) of the Patents Act 1970. The appellant has therefore preferred this appeal.
(2.) THE Invention relates to a system for analyzing a time series signal by a method based on Chaos Theory and calculating a chaos theoretical exponent value (CTEV)thereof. The Background Art states that correlative dimension, KS entropy and Lyapunov exponent are among the known chaos theoretical exponent values. The systems used to calculate the exponents include systems in accordance with various procedures which are different algorithms ( Wolf's, Kantz' Sano/Sawada and so on) Examples of prior arts have been mentioned. And in particular the Complete specifications states "in any of the systems, the Lyapunov exponents constitute the neighbourhood points set generated from the neighbourhood condition to be set as the ratio with respect to its size on the strange attractor constructed in the embedding space, and are calculated as the mean value when points constituting the neighbourhood points set separate from each other. The conventional chaos theoretical exponent value calculation system uses one of such systems as mentioned above, and those systems have a presumption that it analyses a system of stable dynamic (the dynamics is the behaviour limited by its physical form and the like or the property that provides the behaviour) ( a system of stable dynamics means a system with physically invariable disposition or length, and the shape of strange attractor generated from the time series signal provided by the system becomes a similar for if such a system behaves chaotically). Thus the temporarily changing dynamics, or the Lyapunov spectrum in Sano/Sawada's algorithm, cannot be calculated as a significant value ( a system with its temporarily changing dynamics refers to a system such as the human vocal organs, for example in which the physical disposition or length changes. For instance, when phonemes/a/and /or/ are pronounced, the shapes of throat and oral cavity are different, and the strange attractor of the phoneme /a/ is enlarged or noises are added thereto).
(3.) FOR instance, in the analysis of a generic speech voice signal and the like, which is an exemplary system with a temporarily changing dynamics, because a plurality of vowels change in a complex manner in a short period of time, the difficulty of analysis is extreme when compared with the system using a conventional methodology. So far it is almost impossible to calculate a temporarily local first Lyapunov exponent in a system with a temporarily changing dynamics such as an ordinary speech voice signal." This also states the difficulties in the prior arts "in the conventional methods, it is not possible to make the temporal resolution to not more than 5 minutes, as well as it is limited to only quantize the mid - to long term stresses if the reliability of index value is in only one significant digit, thus the real time or quasi real time evaluation of stresses in the speech of a speaker is impossible. Thereafter a stable processing result cannot be obtained from a continuous speech voice (i.e. from a system with a temporarily changing dynamics). The term "stable" means that the processing result does not almost very by a minute change of parameters." The Summary of the Invention shows that what the inventors have invented is a system which makes it possible to calculate a CTEV that could not have been so far processed in a dynamics -changing system and to perform the process thereof at a high speed and on a real time basis, and to calculate a CTEV even from a time series signal which includes noises. The CTEV calculation system in accordance with the present invention is referred to as SiCECA. "In the SiCECA processing, since the sensitivity with respect to the noise intensity is adjustable, the chaos theoretical exponent value calculation system has a higher reliability to allow the calculation of the intensity of chaoticity by setting the sensitivity to low, as well as the calculation of "a value obtained by adding to a value denoting the chaoticity intensity a value denoting the noise intensity" by setting the sensitivity to high, in addition to the calculation from the above of the intensity of the noise disturbing the chaoticity of the time series signal, and the ratio of chaoticity intensity of the time series signal to the noise intensity. ";