SEN - (1.) THE appellant, Miss P. Sarada, is a major shareholder of Messers Universal Radiators Pvt. Ltd. (hereinafter referred to as "the company"). It is a company in which public were not substantially interested. While completing the assessment of the appellant for the assessment year 1973-74, the Income-tax Officer found that during the period 3-7-1972 to 22-3-1973 she had withdrawn a total sum of Rs. 93,027 from the company. THE appellant had a running account with the company. At the material time she did not have any credit balance in her account with the company. This excess withdrawal was treated by the Income-tax Officer as deemed dividend under S. 2(22)(e) of the Income-tax Act on two grounds : (1) THE assessee had no credit balance in her accounts with the said company at the material time; and (2) that there was sufficient accumulated profits of the company from which the excess withdrawal was made by the assessee. THE Income-tax Officer included this amount of Rs. 93,027 in the computation of the appellant's income. THE assessee's appeal to the Appellate Assistant Commissioner was dismissed. However, on further appeal, the Tribunal upheld the case of the assessee.
(2.) THE Tribunal held that the withdrawals made by the appellant will have to be taken as paid out of the money lying to the credit of another shareholder Shri A. C. Mahesh and not out of the accumulated profits of the company. A letter dated 3-4-1972 written by Shri A.P. Madhavan, the father of the minor Mahesh, was relied upon by the Tribunal. In that letter Madhavan had directed the company to make available to the assessee Miss P. Sarada a sum of Rs. 1 lakh from out of his account. THE Tribunal found that Mahesh owed some money to the assessee and as Mahesh had directed repayments of the amount due to the assessee from out of his credit balance in the company, the withdrawals made by the assessee had to be treated as withdrawals from the account of Mahesh and not from the accumulated profits of the company. At the instance of the Commissioner of Income-tax, the following question of law was referred to the High Court under S. 256(1) of the Income-tax Act. "Whether, on the facts and in the circumstances of the case, the Appellate Tribunal is correct in law in holding that the withdrawals made by the assessee from Messers Universal Radiators Private Limited totalling Rs. 93,027 cannot be assessed under S. 2(22)(e) of the Income-tax Act, 1961 for the year 1973-74." The High Court answered the question in the negative and in favour of the Revenue. The High Court took note of the fact that the accounting period for the relevant assessment year 1973-74 was 1-4-1972 to 31-3-1973. The assessee was a substantial share-holder of the company and was drawing funds from the company till 22-3-1973. As a result of various withdrawals made by the assessee, her credit balance had been entirely wiped out and in fact her account with the company showed excess withdrawal of a sum of Rs. 1,831.14 as on 22-3-1973. In spite of this debit balance the assessee between 3-7-1972 to 22-3-1973 on fourteen different dates withdrew a total sum of Rs. 93,027. The particulars of the withdrawals are as under : JUDGEMENT_367_1_1998Html1.htm
(3.) ACCORDING to the assessee, the withdrawals had not been made from the company's account but from the amount standing to the credit of Mahesh in the books of the company. The High Court pointed out that the alleged letter dated 3-4-1972 was given effect to by the company only on 31-3-1973 by debiting a sum of Rs. 1 lakh from the account of Mahesh and crediting it to the account of the assessee. But the assessee had steadily and regularly withdrawn monies from the company between 3-7-1972 to 22-3-1973. These withdrawals were not made by debiting the credit balance of Mahesh which remained intact till 31-3-1973. The High Court concluded that the various withdrawals made by the assessee were from the company's accumulated profits. 5A. We do not find any fault with the reasoning of the High Court. Section 2(22)(e) as it stood at the material time defined dividend to include "any payment by a company, not being a company in which the public are substantially interested, of any sum by way of advance or loan to a shareholder, being a person who has a substantial interest in the company... ... to the extent to which the company... ...possesses accumulated profits". In the instant case there is no dispute that the appellant had a substantial interest in the company. The nature of the company is also not in dispute.;