- (1.) In this appeal, a question has arisen whether a claim for refund can be allowed without taking into consideration the doctrine of unjust enrichment after final assessment.
(2.) Reliance has been placed upon a three-Judge Bench decision of this court in the case of Sinkhai Synthetics and Chemicals (P) Ltd. v. CCE wherein from the facts it would appear that a final assessment had taken place. This Court held as follows: (SCC p. 418, paras 4 and 5) "4.Subsequent to this decision of the Tribunal, a Bench of nine learned Judges of this Court has resolved the issue in favour of the assessees. The judgment is in Mafatlal Industries Ltd. v. Union of India. The relevant paragraph is para 95 (ELT) , and it, so far as is relevant, reads thus: '104. Rule 9-B provides for provisional assessment in situations specified in clauses (a) , (b) and (c) of sub-rule (1). The goods provisionally assessed under sub-rule (1) may be cleared for home consumption or export in the same manner as the goods which are finally assessed. Sub-rule (5) provides that "when the duty leviable on the goods is assessed finally in accordance with the provisions of these Rules, the duty provisionally assessed shall be adjusted against the duty finally assessed, and if the duty provisionally assessed falls short of or in excess of the duty finally assessed, the assessee shall pay the deficiency or be entitled to a refund, as the case may be". Any recoveries or refunds consequent upon the adjustment under sub-rule (5) of Rule 9-B will not be governed by Section 11-A or section 11-B, as the case may be. '
(3.) It is fairly not disputed by learned counsel for the Revenue that the decision in Mafatlal Industries Ltd. governs the appeals. " 3. It is to be noted that this decision proceeds on a concession made by counsel for the Revenue. The question whether on a final assessment the doctrine of unjust enrichment would apply was not dealt with as it was not argued. Further, this judgment bases itself on the abovequoted paragraph in mafatlal Industries Ltd. case. However, the entire paragraph in Mafatlal industries case reads as under: "104.Rule 9-B provides for provisional assessment in situations specified in clauses (a) , (b) and (c) of sub-rule (1). The goods provisionally assessed under sub-rule (1) may be cleared for home consumption or export in the same manner as the goods which are finally assessed. Sub-rule (5) provides that 'when the duty leviable on the goods is assessed finally in accordance with the provisions of these Rules, the duty provisionally assessed shall be adjusted against the duty finally assessed, and if the duty provisionally assessed falls short of or in excess of the duty finally assessed, the assessee shall pay the deficiency or be entitled to a refund, as the case may be'. Any recoveries or refunds consequent upon the adjustment under sub-rule (5) of Rule 9-B will not be governed by Section 11-A or Section 11-B, as the case may be. However, if the final orders passed under sub-rule (5) are appealed against or questioned in a writ petition or suit, as the case may be, assuming that such a writ or suit is entertained and is allowed/decreed then any refund claim arising as a consequence of the decision in such appeal or such other proceedings, as the case may be, would be governed by Section 11-B. It is also made clear that if an independent refund claim is filed after the final decision under Rule 9-B (5) reagitating the issues already decided under Rule 9-B assuming that such a refund claim lies and is allowed, it would obviously be governed by Section 11-B. It follows logically that position would be the same in the converse situation. " (emphasis supplied) 4. From the portion highlighted above, it appears that the nine-Judge bench in Mafatlal Industries case is laying down that if a final order is passsed, then a refund claim would be governed by Section 11-B.;