- (1.) Heard Learned Counsel on both sides.
(2.) The short point Involved in the present case is whether levy of interest under Sections 234A/234B of the Income Tax Act, 1961 (for short, 'the Act'), is mandatory or not. At one point of time there was a doubt on the nature of interest payable by the Assessee under Sections 234A/234B of the Act. That controversy stood finally settled by a Five-Judge Bench decision of this Court in the case of CIT v. Anjum M.H. Ghaswala and Ors., 2001 252 ITR 1. This judgment is binding on us. In the said judgment, this Court held in unequivocal terms that interest under Sections 234B/234C is mandatory in nature. In view of the said decision, we are of the opinion that there was no need for the AO to specifically recite in the order of assessment that penalty proceedings should be initiated, as contended on behalf of the Assessee.
(3.) It is true that at one point of time, prior to the decision in Anjum M.H. Ghaswala's case , there was a conflict of opinion amongst various High Courts in India. One such case was the judgment of Patna High Court in the case of Ranchi Club Ltd. v. CIT, 1996 222 ITR 44. Against the judgment of the Patna High Court, the civil appeal was dismissed by this Court in the case of CIT v. Ranchi Club Ltd., 2001 247 ITR 209. However, that dismissal is by a Three-Judge Bench, whereas the judgment of Anjum Ghaswala's case is of a Five-Judge Bench of this Court. Be that as it may, the position that emerges after the judgment of this Court in Anjum Ghaswala's case is that if interest is leviable in a given' case under Sections 234B/234C, then in such a case that levy is mandatory and compensatory in nature. The recitation by the AO directing institution of penal proceedings is not obligatory and penal proceedings could be initiated for such default without a specific direction from the AO. In this particular case we have to follow the judgment in Anjum Ghaswala's case in toto. In the said judgment it has been held that in appropriate cases, the Chief CIT has an authority to waive the interest. We quote hereinbelow the relevant portion of the judgment in Anjum Ghaswala's case , which reads as under: The learned Solicitor General has pointed out that by virtue of the power vested in the Board under Section 119(2)(a) of the Act, the Board has issued circular by Notification No. F. No. 400/234/95-IT(B), dt. 23rd May, 1996. As per this circular, it has empowered that the Chief CIT and Director-General of IT may waive or reduce interest charged under Sections 234A, 234B and 234C of the Act in the class of cases or class of incomes specified in para 2 of the said order for the period and on conditions which are enumerated therein. He submitted that in view of the said circular, the same authority can be exercised by the Commission since the said circular would amount to relaxation of the rigour of Sections 234A, 234B and 234Cof the Act. We are in unison with this submission of the learned Solicitor General. This Court in a catena of cases has held that the circulars of the CBDT are legally binding on the Revenue: see UCO Bank v. CIT, 1999 237 ITR 889. Since these circulars are beneficial to Assessees, such benefit can be conferred also on Assessees who have approached the Settlement Commission under Section 245C of the Act on such terms and conditions as contained in the circular. In our opinion, it is for this purpose that Section 245Fof the Act has empowered the Settlement Commission to exercise the power of an IT authority under the Act. We must clarify here that while exercising the power derived under the circulars of the Board, the Commission does not act as a subordinate to the Board but will be enforcing the relaxed provisions of the circulars for the benefit of the Assessee in the process of settlement. For the reasons stated above, we hold that the Commission in exercise of its power under Section 245D(4) and (6) does not have the power to reduce or waive interest statutorily payable under Sections 234A, 234B and 234C except to the extent of granting relief under the circulars issued by the Board under Section 119 of the Act.;