Gupta, J. - (1.) A notice issued under Section 7 of the Administration of Evacuee Property Act, 1950 (hereinafter called the Act) gives rise to this appeal brought on certificate granted by the Allahabad High Court on August 18, 1969 under Article 133 (1) (a) of the Constitution of India. Sub-section (1) of Section 7 states:"Where the Custodian is of opinion that any property is evacuee property within the meaning of this Act, he may, after causing notice thereof to be given in such manner as may be prescribed to the persons interested, and after holding such inquiry into the matter as the circumstances of the case permit, pass an order declaring any such property to be evacuee property." Rule 6 of the Administration of Evacuee Property (Central) Rules, 1950 (hereinafter called the Rules) which lays down the manner of inquiry under Section 7 provides in sub-rule (1) that where the Custodian is satisfied from information in his possession or otherwise that any property or an interest therein is prima facie evacuee property, he shall cause a notice to be served in the prescribed form on the person claiming title to such property or interest and on any other person or persons whom he considers to be interested in the property. Sub-rule (2) of Rule 6 says that the notice "shall, as far as practicable, mention the grounds on which the property is sought to be declared evacuee property and shall specify the provision of the Act under which the person claiming any title to, or interest in, such property is alleged to be an evacuee". "Evacuee" has been defined in Section 2 (d) of the Act to include several categories of persons, but for the purpose of this case it is necessary to refer only to first three of them. The relevant part of the definition is as follows: "2 (d) "evacuee" means any person, - (i) who, on account of the setting up of the Dominions of India and Pakistan or on account of civil disturbances or the fear of such disturbances, leaves or has, on or after the 1st day of March, 1947, left, any place in a State for any place outside the territories now forming part of India, or (ii) who is resident in any place now forming part of Pakistan and who for that reason is unable to occupy, supervise or manage in person his property in any part of the territories to which this Act extends, or whose property in any part of the said territories has ceased to be occupied, supervised or managed by any person or is being occupied, supervised or managed by an unauthorised person, or (iii) who has, after the 14th day of August, 1947, obtained, otherwise than by way of purchase or exchange, any right to interest in or benefit from any property which is treated as evacuee or abandoned property under any law for the time being in force in Pakistan." The appellant was declared an evacuee by the Assistant Custodian (Judicial), Deoria. Having failed to have the declaration set aside by the appellate and the revisional authorities under the Act, the appellant moved the High Court by a writ petition challenging the notice under Section 7 and the subsequent proceeding based on it. This appeal is from the order of the High Court dismissing the writ petition in limine. The notice in question was issued by the Assistant Custodian, Evacuee Property, Deoria, to the appellant and his brother Bashir Ahmad on March 11, 1954 stating that there was "credible information in possession of the Custodian" that they were evacuees under clause (iii) of Section 2 (d) of the Act and calling upon them to show cause why orders should not be passed declaring them evacuees and their property as evacuee property. The notice purports to have been issued in accordance with Rule 6 which requires a statement of the factual grounds on which the notice is based. The notice in this case appears to be merely a copy of the prescribed form without particulars. The ground stated in the notice reproduces only what the form contains and that is as follows: "Acquisition of any rights to, interest in or benefit from any evacuee or abandoned property in Pakistan, otherwise than by way of purchase or exchange." By his order dated December 14, 1955, the Assistant Custodian (Judicial), Deoria, declared the appellant and his brother evacuees under clauses (i), (ii) and (iii) of Section 2 (d) though in the notice issued it was alleged that the information in possession of the Custodian was that they were evacuees under cl, (iii) only. An appeal preferred under Sec. 24 of the Act was dismissed by the Authorised Deputy Custodian on August 30, 1963 who upheld the order of the Assistant Custodian (Judicial). The Authorised Deputy Custodian, however, found that the ground based on clause (iii) of Section 2 (d) of the Act was "very vague" and that the notice was "defective to that extent". It has been stated already that the notice issued under R. 6 (1) was based only on that ground and clauses (i) and (ii) of Section 2 (d) were not mentioned at all in that notice. The Assistant Custodian General, Evacuee Property, U. P. to whom the appellant and his brother preferred a revision found no merit in the applicants' case. The High Court dismissed in limine the writ petition made by the appellant and his brother Bashir Ahmead on the view that the order of the Assistant Custodian General did not suffer from any error. Bashir Ahmad died after the High Court had disposed of the writ petition, and the appeal before us is by Nasir Ahmad alone.
(2.) It is necessary to state a few more facts. It appears that several years before the present notice under Section 7 of the Act was issued, on November 22, 1949 when the Administration of Evacuee Property Ordinance, 1949, replaced by the Act in 1950 was in force, a notice was issued to the appellant and his brothers including Bashir Ahmead by Dy. Custodian of Evacuee Property, Deoria, Uttar Pradesh, alleging that they were transferring their movable and immoveable properties to Pakistan and stating that for this reason they were being considered as evacuees and their property was being treated as evacuee propery. The notice invited objections from them, if any within 30 days. At the instance of District Magistrate, Deoria, a similar notice was issued to the appellant and his brothers by the authority in District Chapara in the state of Bihar where also they had some properties, asking them to show cause why they should not be declared intending evacuees. The Act had then come into force and this notice was issued under Section 19 of the Act. Section 19 provided for issue of notice to person before declaring him an "intending evacuee". The Act as originally passed contained in clause (e) of Sec. 2 a definition of "intending evacuee" as meaning a person who had transferred after August 14, 1947 any of his assets to Pakistan. Section 2 was deleted in 1953. On inquiry it was found that there was no reliable evidence to justify a declaration that the appellant and his brothers were intending evacuees and the Deputy Custodian, Chapra, dropped the proceeding on May 24, 1952. On November 29, 1952 the Deputy Custodian, Deoria, also dropped the proceeding started upon the notice issued by him, but on the same day he initiated a proceeding under Section 7 of the Act against the appellant and his brother Bashir Ahmad that ended in the declaration challenged in this appeal.
(3.) The facts stated above clearly show that the notice and the declaration that followed are both invalid. The notice called upon the appellant and his brother to show cause why they should not be declared evacuees under cl. (iii) of Section 2 (d) of the Act and the ground mentioned in the notice was also based on that clause yet the Assistant Custodian found that they were evacuees under clauses (i) and (ii) as well. The Authorised Deputy Custodian held that the ground given in the notice in support of the case based on cl. (iii) was vague and the notice was defective so far as that ground was concerned, but that was the only case the appellant was called upon to answer. The foundation of a proceeding under Section 7 is a valid notice and an inquiry which travels beyond the bounds of the notice is impermissible and without jurisdiction to that extent. Therefore the declaration that the appellant was an evacuee under clauses (i) and (ii) of Section 2 (d) of the Act must be held invalid.;